4.
1. а) 3b+(5a-7b) = 3b+5a-7b = 5a-4b
б) -3q-(8p-3q) = -3q-8p+3q = -8p
в) 5x+(11-7x) = 5x+11-7x = 11-2x
г) -(8c-4)+4 = -8c+4+4 = 8-8c = 8(1-c)
2. а) (2+3a)+(7a-2) = 2+3a+7a-2 = 10a
б) -(11a+b)-(12a-3b) = -11a-b-12a+3b = -23a+2b
в) (5-3b)+(3b-11) = 5-3b+3b-11 = -6
г) (5a-3b)-(2+5a-3b) = 5a-3b-2-5a+3b = -2
3. а) а+(а-10)-(12+a) = a+a-10-12-a = a-22
б) (6x-8)-5x-(4-9x) = 6x-8-5x-4+9x = 10x-12 = 2(5x-6)
в) (1-9y)-(22y-4)-5 = 1-9y-22y+4-5 = -31y
г) 5b-(6b+a)-(a-6b) = 5b-6b-a-a+6b = 5b-2a
5. 1. а) 3(8a-4)+6a = 24a-12+6a = 30a-12 = 6(5a-2)
б) 11c+5(8-c) = 11c+40-5c = 6c+40 = 2(3c+20)
в) 2(y-1)-2y+12 = 2y-2-2y+12 = 10
г) 16+3(2-3y)+8y = 16+6-9y+8y = 22-y
2. а) 7p-2(3p-1) = 7p-6p+2 = p+2
б) -4(3a+2)+8 = -12a-8+8 = -12a
в) 3-17a-11(2a-3) = 3-17a-22a+33 = 36-39a=3(12-13a)
г) 15-5(1-a)-6a = 15-5+5a-6a = 10-a