Na2CO3 + 2HCl = 2NaCl + CO2 + H2O
2Na⁺ + CO3²⁻ + 2H⁺ + 2Cl⁻ = 2Na⁺ + 2Cl⁻ + CO2 + H2O
CO3²⁻ + 2H⁺ = CO2 + H2O
Al(OH)3 + 3HCl = AlCl3 + 3H2O
Al(OH)3 + 3H⁺ + 3Cl⁻ = Al³⁺ + 3Cl⁻ + 3H2O
Al(OH)3 + 3H⁺ = Al³⁺ + 3H2O
KOH + HCl = KCl + H2O
K⁺ + OH⁻ + H⁺ + Cl⁻ = K⁺ + Cl⁻ + H2O
OH⁻ + H⁺ = H2O
с HNO3 не реагирует