Medieval
castle at the mere mention of which every educated person is created in
the imagination of a familiar pattern, and every tolerated by the idea
in the era of tournaments and the Crusades, has its own history. The
castle with its famous toiletries - lift bridges, towers and battlements
- appeared not at once. Scientists, researchers, dedicating his work on
the origin and development of the castle structures, noted several
times in this story, of which the most interesting is the time of the
earliest: to the extent the initial locks are not like castles
subsequent time, But with all the diversity that exists between them, it
is easy to find, and similar features, it is easy in the original
castle to see hints of later constructions. The ability to find these
initial forms and reports question the interest of which we have just
spoken.
The devastating raids of the enemy encouraged to build
such fortifications, which could serve as a reliable shelter. First
castles was the earthen trenches more or less extensive in size,
surrounded by a moat and topped by a wooden palisade. As such, they
resembled the Roman camp, and this similarity, of course, was not mere
coincidence; there is no doubt that these first fortifications were
organized on the model of the Roman camps. In the center of the last
rose tent commander, or the courtyard of the Praetorium (praetorium),
and in the middle of the space, semiquavers castle shaft, climbed
natural or, for the most part, artificial earth rise conical shape {la
motte). Usually this nassi was built a wooden structure, the door of
which was at the top of the mound. Inside the mound was arranged
progress in the dungeon with a well. Thus, to get in this wooden
structure could only be climbing on the mound. For the convenience of
the inhabitants were organized something like a wooden platform, running
on props; in case of need it is easily understood, making the enemy who
had penetrated into the dwelling itself, met serious obstacle. After
mirovaniya danger disassembled parts as easily cited in the previous
state. If we, without going into the details, let us imagine only the
big picture, which, as we previously mentioned, arises in the mind of
any educated person at the mere mention of the castle, if we this
General picture is comparable with just described original castle, with
all the diversity we both without much exertion will find and common
features.
A significant part of the medieval knight's castle is
obvious, this unpretentious the construction of the house on earthen
mounds corresponds to the main castle tower, demountable descent -
draw-bridge, shaft and a palisade - toothed wall
later the castle.