4 LEARN THIS! The passive 1 We form the passive with the verb and the 2 of the main verb....

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4 LEARN THIS! The passive 1 We form the passive with the verb and the 2 of the main verb. The object of an active verb can become the 3 of a passive verb. They haven't found a cure for colds yet. (a cure = object) A cure for colds hasn't been found yet. (a cure = subject) 2 If we need to mention the agent, we use .Enormous public baths were built by the Romans. 3 We use the passive: a when we do not know (or do not want or need to say) who does something. b for more formal language, e.g. for processes. First, the coffee beans are dried. Then they are roasted c when we want to focus on the person to whom the action is done, not the person doing the action 4 We use the 5 and past continuous forms of the passive, but we do not use other continuous forms. Hygiene is being improved. Hygiene has been being improved. X They have been improving hygiene. ✓


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Ответы:

1) to be

2) Past Participle / third form / Participle II

3) subject

4) by

5) Present Continuous

Пояснения:

#1.

We form the passive with the verb 1) to be and the 2) Past Participle (third form / Participle II) of the main verb.

Мы формируем пассив с помощью глагола to be и третьей формы смыслового глагола.

*Примечание: Past Participle – это то же самое, что и V3 (третья форма глагола), и Participle II. Можете указать любой из этих вариантов в ответе в зависимости от того, как вы называли это при прохождении темы.

The object of an active verb can become the 3) subject of a passive verb.

Дополнение при активном залоге может стать подлежащим в пассиве.

They haven't found a cure for colds yet. (a cure = object)

Они до сих пор не нашли лекарство от простуды. (лекарство – дополнение)

A cure for colds hasn't been found yet. (a cure = subject)

Лекарство от простуды до сих пор не найдено (лекарство – подлежащее)

#2.

If we need to mention the agent, we use 4) by.

Если нам нужно упомянуть агента действия, мы используем by.

Enormous public baths were built by the Romans.

Огромные общественные бани были построены римлянами.

#3.

We use the passive:

Мы используем пассив:

  • a) when we do not know (or do not want or need to say) who does something.
  • Когда мы не знаем (или не хотим, или не должны говорить), кто что-то делает.
  • b) for more formal language, e.g. for processes.
  • Для более формального языка, например, для процессов.
  • First, the coffee beans are dried. Then they are roasted.
  • Сначала кофейные зерна высушиваются. Затем они обжариваются.
  • c) when we want to focus on the person to whom the action is done, not the person doing the action.
  • Когда мы хотим сакцентировать внимание на том, на кого направлено действие, а не на то, кто это действие произвел.

#4.

We use the 5) Present Continuous and Past Continuous forms of the passive, but we do not use other continuous forms.

Мы используем Present Continuous и Past Continuous в пассиве, но другие формы Continuous не используем.

  • Hygiene is being improved.
  • Hygiene has been being improved. X
  • They have been improving hygiene.


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