xy = 2(x + y)
xy = 2x + 2y
xy - 2x - 2y = 0
xy - 2x - 2y + 4 = 4
(xy - 2y) - (2x - 4) = 4
y(x - 2) - 2(x - 2) = 4
(x - 2)(y - 2) = 4
x и y - целые числа , значит (x - 2) и (y - 2) - тоже целые числа .
Произведение двух целых чисел равно 4 , рассмотрим варианты :
1 и 4 ; 4 и 1 ; 2 и 2 ; - 1 и - 4 ; - 4 - 1 ; - 2 - 2 .

