1. Insert articles where necessary.
1. The second law gives a valuable
means for measuring forces.
2. Any change in
motion of a body is in
proportion to the force
pressing on it.
3. “Principia”
was later on called … greatest product of … single human race.
4. At … age of
12 Newton was sent to school, seven miles away from … his home to continue his
education.
5. On the Earth’s surface, however, it
is difficult to demonstrate fully the first law of motion.
2. Fill in the blanks with the prepositions (of, in,
with, at, on, through, from).
1. Newton’s
interests were centered … mathematics and mechanics and … studying different
phenomena … Nature.
2. The first
proof of the first law is found … the movement of the heavenly bodies, which
meet practically no friction … their traveling … space.
3. The second
law allows scientists to measure the force of gravitation … any point … the
Earth’s surface.
4. When you
press a stone … your finger, your finger press back … the stone.
5. … his three
laws … motion Newton established the framework for the general study of motion
… terms of mass and force.
3. Translate the following sentences paying attention
to the words in bold type, that can be
different parts of speech.
1. They
determined the speed of the body
using a well-known formula.
2. The car speeded along the road.
3. The atoms speeded by a cyclotron impart their velocity to other atoms.
4. Under the influence of the force F the body
will start into uniformly accelerated motion.
5. The force influences the body which starts
moving.
6. No force of
gravitation influences bodies in
space.
4. Choose the word combinations which can be
predicates.
Is called, have
been derived, derived substances, living matter, is living, will be associated,
have been studied, has studied, were included, are being identified, identified
substances, have been replaced, shall be devoted, the names given, is known, is
represented, represented the Institute.
5. Translate the sentences paying attention to the use
of the Present Perfect.
1 .I’ve read a
very interesting book.
2. You say you
haven’t seen Bob for a long time It’s a pity.
3. The students
have already done their laboratory work.
4. We’ve just
discussed some important problems.
5. What are your
plans for summer? – I haven’t thought about them yet.
6. Translate the sentences paying attention to the use
of the Past Perfect.
1. We had
finished Chapter I by the end of the 1st term.
2. The doctor
had examined the patient before he was allowed to work.
3. The tourists
had seen a lot of sights by their departure.
4. When he came
downstairs he saw everybody had already left.
5. It was clear
that the student had read a lot of scientific articles for his report.
7. Translate
the sentences paying attention to the use of the Future Perfect.
1. I’ll have
finished reading by the time you come.
2. You’ll have
studied the map of London by the end of the lesson.
3. By the end of
our meeting we’ll have settled all the questions.
4. When their
mother arrives they will have moved to the new flat.
5. He will have
published his new book by this time next year.
8. Choose the sentences with the Perfect Tenses in the
Passive Voice.
1. The paper has
been published.
2. The paper was
published yesterday.
3. The paper was
being published yesterday.
4. The letter
will be sent tomorrow.
5. The letter
will have been sent tomorrow by 7 o’clock.
6. The paper had
been published by 7 o’clock yesterday.
9. Arrange the predicates according to the Voice
(Active, Passive).
Will form, will be
established, will associate, will have been carried off, will be vanishing,
will have been running, shall divide.