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Climate is the weather in a certain place over a long period of time. Climate has a very important influence on plants, animals and humans and is different in different parts of the world. Some scientists think that the world is becoming hotter. If you compare Minsk winter and summer temperatures at the beginning of our century and at its end you will see that climate has really changed. Winters have become warmer. Sometimes there is little snow in January, and there were winters when it rained on the New Year's Eve. Many people say that it is so because of the greenhouse effect. The problem is that a very small rise in the temperature of the Earth can completely change the climate. In recent years, deserts have grown larger, Northern Europe has grown wetter the ice on mountains has began to melt and the level of the oceans has risen. Some small islands in the Pacific ocean have disappeared.
Weather is not the same as climate. The climate of a place or region represents the average weather conditions over a long period of time. The climate of any place results from the interaction of a number of determining factors, of which the most important are latitude, distance from the sea, relief and the direction of the prevailing winds.
The weather at a place is the state of the atmosphere there at a given time or over a short period. Weather happens in the atmosphere or in the air between the Earth and space which consists of a few layers. The simplest explanation of weather is that it is the condition of atmosphere at a definite time and place on the Earth. It can be hot or cold, wet or dry, calm or stormy, clear or cloudy. This condition is influenced by the number of atmospheric factors, such as air pressure, temperature, humidity, precipitation.
There are five climatic zones on this planet: the equatorial climate zone, the tropical climate zone, the temperate climatic zone, Arctic and Antarctic climate belts.
The climate in our country is temperate-continental with a hot summers, long, cold winters and very distinct seasons. In general there are no significant differences between the district of Belarus, due to the small size of the country. The climate is conditioned by the country inland locations, dominations of flat relief and relative remoteness from the Atlantic Ocean.
(During the last 100 years people have produced a lot of carbon dioxide. This gas in the atmosphere works like glass in a greenhouse. It lets heat get in, but it doesn't let much heat get out. So the atmosphere becomes warmer. Where does the carbon dioxide come from? People and animals breathe in oxygen, and breathe out carbon dioxide. We produce carbon dioxide when we burn things. Trees take this gas from the air, and produce oxygen. But in the last few years, people have cut down and burn big areas of rainforest. This means there are fewer trees, and, of course, more carbon dioxide! As we see the climate in different parts of the world changes a little from year to year. These changes can be dangerous for our planet, which needs protection. Earth is millions of years old, much older than the humans. We know many of its secrets. Yet there is still much to learn.)