1) 2NaOH + H2SO4 = Na2SO4 + 2H2O
сульфид натрия
+ - + 2 - + 2 -
2Na + 2OH +2H + SO4 = 2Na + SO4 = 2H2O п.и.у.
- +
2OH + 2H = 2H2O с.и.у.
Mg(OH)2 + 2HNO3 = Mg(NO3)2 + 2H2O
нитрат магния
+ - 2 + -
Mg(OH)2 + 2H + 2NO3 = Mg + 2NO3 = 2H2O п.и.у.
Сa(OH)2 + 2HCl = CaCl + 2H2O
хлорид кальция
2+ - + - 2+ -
Ca + 2OH + 2H + 2Cl = Ca + 2Cl + 2H2O п.и.у.
- +
2OH + 2H = 2H2O с.и.у.
2) 1 2 3
а) Сa --> CaO --> Ca(OH)2 --> Ca(NO3)2
t
1. 2Ca + O2 = 2CaO
2. CaO + H2O = Ca(OH)2
3. Ca(OH)2 + 2HNO3 = Ca(NO3)2 + 2H2O
2+ - + - 2+ -
Ca + 2OH + 2H + 2NO3 = Ca + 2NO3 + 2H2O п.и.у.
- +
2OH + 2H = 2H2O с.и.у.
1 2 3 4
б) Mg --> MgO --> MgCl2 --> Mg(OH)2 --> Mg(NO3)2
t
1. 2Mg + O2 = 2MgO
2. MgO + 2HCl = MgCl2 + H2O
+ - 2+ -
MgO + 2H + 2Cl = Mg + 2Cl + H2O
3. MgCl2 +2KOH = Mg(OH)2 + 2KCl
2+ - + - + -
Mg + 2Cl + 2K + 2OH = Mg(OH)2 + 2K + 2 Cl п.и.у.
2+ -
Mg + 2OH = Mg(OH)2 с.и.у.
4. Mg(OH)2 + 2HNO3 = Mg(NO3)2 + 2H2O
+ - 2 + -
Mg(OH)2 + 2H + 2NO3 = Mg + 2NO3 = 2H2O п.и.у.