The Egyptians
The practice of medicine in Egypt was clearly established as long as 4,600 years ago. Soon doctors began to specialize in healing certain parts of the body and certain organ systems. More than 2,000 years later Herodotus, a Greek historian of the fifth century B.C., described this same specialization from his own observation: "The practice of medicine is so divided among them that each physician is a healer of one disease and no more. All the country is full of physicians, some of the eyes, some of the teeth, some of what pertains to the belly and some of the hidden diseases."
one of the principal causes of disease among the early Egyptians was the coarse diet consumed by rich and poor alike . Grain for bread, a principal staple, was ground on rough stones, and during the process numerous small particles of grit became incorporated into the flour. In addition, since the early Egyptian diet was principally vegetarian, and since the soil was very sandy, much grit was consumed in the main dishes as well. перевести