GULLIVER (Eng. Gulliver) - hero of the novel Dzh.Svifta "Journey to some remote countries of the world Gulliver, first a surgeon, then the captain of several ships" (1726). The novel is written in the tradition of Swift menippea in which absolute freedom of fiction plot is motivated by "ideological and philosophical goal - to create exceptions to provoke and test philosophical idea - the words of truth, embodied in the image of the wise man, the seeker of the truth" (Bakhtin) . Menippea content are not particular adventure hero, and the vicissitudes of the idea. This approach allows us to see the deep internal integrity as the image of the G. and work as a whole.At first glance, the novel Swift four different G.The first - in Lilliput. In this country, it is great and powerful, like a true hero and embodies all that is best in man: intelligence, beauty, strength, goodness.Second - in Brobdingnag. In a country of giants G.- permanent hero comic situations. He serves as the royal jester, fun scientist midget. After hearing the story, concerning the political and socio-economic structure of England, King Brob-dingnega concludes that "the majority of your countrymen have a brood of little disgusting reptiles, the most pernicious of all, what ever crawled on the earth's surface."The third - an indifferent and quiet observer, carefully locking madness, ugliness, perversion, who sees flying kingdom of Laputa, country, ballroom, Barbie and the Great Academy of its capital Laga-up on the island of necromancers Glabbdobdrib, in the kingdom Laggnegt, where he met with the eternally immortal struldbrugami.Fourth - it is, out of the country guingngnmov (intelligent horse) and Yahoos (feral descendants of the British couple, came to the island as a result of shipwreck). There G.- tragically lonely and hated the man himself. And to be a man - so belong to the genus disgusting Yahoos, famous for their gluttony, lust, sloth, anger, stupidity and duplicity.These different Gulliver represent incarnation single image. The hero of the work, written in menippeynoy tradition - the idea of man, the sage - put the author in a situation clashes with the evil in the world's most extreme expression. All he sees in his travels G., Swift is to test ideas, not the character. G.- is normal, reasonable, moral and human health, which the author embarks on a journey through the world of madness, absurdity, lies and violence. It is against the human nature, it discloses: ugly and abhorrent to any rational being. G. searched the crazy world a place where peace could find a decent man. And Swift leads his hero in a utopian country guingngnmov, but he also returns it back to England, because in the crazy world there can be no society, arranged on a reasonable basis. This means that G. should go home: intelligent horse banished hero.G.- history is the story of a man trying to change people and the world the word of truth. As a result, Mr. forced to admit that "the Yahoos are species of animals, it is not capable of remedy, by precept and example. For the past six months have passed since the appearance of my book, and I just do not see the end of all kinds of abuse and vices, but have not heard that my book has made at least one action corresponding to my intentions. " G. refuses "absurd undertaking to reform the rock Yahoos" and finds solace only in the stables, in a long conversation with her stallions - degenerate guingngnma mi.G. served as a prototype of the hero in the film pioneer A.L.Ptushko "New Gulliver" (1935), in which the character of Swift became an active participant in the struggle of worlds, socialism and capitalism.Lit .: Levidov MU Travel to some distant country. Thoughts and feelings Dzh.Svifta first researcher and then a soldier in several battles. M., 1986.George Orwell. Politics vs. Literature: An Analysis of "Gulliver's Travels"// George Orwell. Fiction despair and hope. L., 1990; Ants B.C. Travel with Gulliver. M., 1972.