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Most of the time of a modem man spends within the walls of some building. Houses are built for dwelling, large buildings are constructed for industrial purposes, theatres, cinemas, museums, public and scientific institutions are built for cultural activities of the people. The purposes of modern buildings differ widely, but all of them originated from the efforts of a primitive man to protect themselves from stormy weather, wild animals and human enemies. Protection was looked for everywhere: under the branches of trees, under animal’s skins, in caves.
Years later a man will begin to build a home for himself, stone structures will imitate caves, trees will be taken as a model for huts built of branches, skins will be raised on poles and will form tents.
In the country ordinary people lived in simple one-storey cottages which didn’t differ much from the mud and stone huts of an earlier age. The rich people in the country, on the other hand, built huge castles with thick walls and narrow windows to stand up to enemy attack and to be strong bases in time of war.
The earliest houses in Egypt and Greece were round, built of bricks dried in the sun. Some of them were built around a courtyard or garden with rooms opening into it. In Rome bricks were used for building and houses were often finished with plaster over bricks on both inside and outside walls. The earliest houses in Britain were round, built of wood or wicker basket work plastered over with clay. In the centre of the house was the hearth and light came in through the hole in the roof above it and through the door because there were no windows.