In Otrar (as parabolic) was one of the mints of the Karakhanid dynasty.[1]. In the beginning of XIII century the city Otrar became part of the Khorezm state. It is likely that the city was the center of Farab, copper dirhams of Khorezm Shah Ala ad-DIN Muhammad, made in Otrar in 1210-11 G. stands as parabolic," and in his coinage 1216-1218, "Otrar, in front of which is placed the word Balad ("the city" and "country, state").[2]
In the two hundred thousandth Otrar growing up in the place where the river Arys merged with the Syr Darya, settled scientists, sages, skilled musicians, fortune-tellers, jewelers. The city had a large madrasah, Bazaar, workshop-smithy, GURT Khan (the place where I drank wine), bath, mosque, shops, shops.[3] During the Mongol invasion the town rules of the Cairo-Khan, uncle of the Shah of Khorezm, in the maternal line.
According to historical records, after it had been executed the ambassadors of Genghis Khan in 1219, the city was besieged by the Mongol armies under the leadership of the eldest son of the conqueror, Jochi. The siege lasted 6 months. In the city famine and discontent by refusing to negotiate with the Mongols, one night one of the residents opened the gates to the Mongols. Seized after that, the city, the Mongols destroyed a significant part of the population, the rest were taken into slavery, the city was burned and destroyed. Traitor named Karaj, opened the city gates, executed personally Jochi.
In the XV century the city was rebuilt. In January 1405 at Otrar in the beginning of his campaign to China Tamerlan died. Otrar is the birthplace of many scientists, emerged from its great medieval mathematician and philosopher al-Farabi, astronomer and mathematician Abbas Jauhari[4] (together with al-Khwarizmi participated in the compilation of astronomical tables), linguist and geographer Ishaq al-Farabi[4]. In Otrar lived and preached a famous Sufi Arystan-Bab, near the Fort is the mausoleum of Arystan-Baba (Arslan-Bab).
как-то так :3