In the spring of 1147 the Suzdal prince Yury Dolgorukiy invited the prince Svyatoslav: "Come to me, the brother to Moskov! …" So for the first time in ancient chronicles it is mentioned Moscow therefore it is considered to be that 1147 — year of birth of Moscow.
Yury Dolgorukiy — the founder of Moscow.
Yury Dolgorukiy (1125–1157) — Vladimir Monomakh's son who got the nickname "Dolgorukiy" for constant aspiration to broaden the territory and to subordinate to himself Kiev.
Moscow was built on a place of the former estate of the boyar Kuchki confiscated by Yury Dolgorukiy.
The village of Kuchkovo (about present the Sretensky collar) — a place of the basis of Moscow.
Here on April 4, 1147 Yury's negotiations with the Chernigov prince Svyatoslav who brought a skin of a pardus (leopard) as a gift to Yury took place.
In 1156 the first wooden walls of future Moscow Kremlin are constructed.
1240–1480 — the power over Russia of mongolo-Tatar.
Beginning of the XIII century
Moscow — the independent principality. The first Moscow areas are formed: Zaneglimenye, Zayauzye, Zamoskvorechye.
Moscow becomes shopping center of Russia and unites round itself the Russian principalities for fight against the mongolo-tatar Golden Horde.
Since 1263 Moscow — the capital of the formed Moscow principality.
WALLS OF THE KREMLIN
1156 the first wooden Kremlin which often suffered from the fires is constructed.
1340 new oak walls of the Kremlin are built up.
1367 white stone fortress at the prince Dmitry Ivanovich is constructed.
1485-1495 at the prince Ivan III are constructed by the Italian architects the new brick walls which remained up to now. On top of walls — two-horned teeth with loopholes, similar on larkspurs. Their more than one thousand.
Total length — 2,25 km.
Thickness — from 3,5 to 6,5 m.
Height is from 5 to 19 m.
On September 8, 1380 Battle of Kulikovo
In 30 days the prince Dmitry collected huge army from all Russia. The abbot Troitse-Sergiyeva of the monastery Sergey of Radonezh blessed army.
Before Peresvet's fight I won against Chelubey a duel. Fight of the Russian soldiers happened to the Golden Horde on the river bank Nepryadva in the field Kulikovom.
Peresvet's monks and Oslyabya — heroes of fight.
After a victory the prince Dmitry is called Dmitry Donskoy.